Rho-family GTPases: it's not only Rac and Rho (and I like it)
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Rho-family GTPases : it's not only Rac and Rho (and I like it). / Wennerberg, Krister; Der, Channing J.
In: Journal of Cell Science, Vol. 117, No. Pt 8, 15.03.2004, p. 1301-12.Research output: Contribution to journal › Review › Research › peer-review
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TY - JOUR
T1 - Rho-family GTPases
T2 - it's not only Rac and Rho (and I like it)
AU - Wennerberg, Krister
AU - Der, Channing J
PY - 2004/3/15
Y1 - 2004/3/15
N2 - The Rho-family proteins make up a major branch of the Ras superfamily of small GTPases. To date, 22 human genes encoding at least 25 proteins have been described. The best known 'classical' members are RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42. Highly related isoforms of these three proteins have not been studied as intensively, in part because it has been assumed that they are functionally identical to their better-studied counterparts. This now appears not to be the case. Variations in C-terminal-signaled modifications and subcellular targeting cause otherwise highly biochemically related isoforms (e.g. RhoA, RhoB and RhoC) to exhibit surprisingly divergent biological activities. Whereas the classical Rho GTPases are regulated by GDP/GTP cycling, other Rho GTPases are also regulated by other mechanisms, particularly by transcriptional regulation. Newer members of the family possess additional sequence elements beyond the GTPase domain, which suggests they exhibit yet other mechanisms of regulation.
AB - The Rho-family proteins make up a major branch of the Ras superfamily of small GTPases. To date, 22 human genes encoding at least 25 proteins have been described. The best known 'classical' members are RhoA, Rac1 and Cdc42. Highly related isoforms of these three proteins have not been studied as intensively, in part because it has been assumed that they are functionally identical to their better-studied counterparts. This now appears not to be the case. Variations in C-terminal-signaled modifications and subcellular targeting cause otherwise highly biochemically related isoforms (e.g. RhoA, RhoB and RhoC) to exhibit surprisingly divergent biological activities. Whereas the classical Rho GTPases are regulated by GDP/GTP cycling, other Rho GTPases are also regulated by other mechanisms, particularly by transcriptional regulation. Newer members of the family possess additional sequence elements beyond the GTPase domain, which suggests they exhibit yet other mechanisms of regulation.
KW - Amino Acid Motifs
KW - Amino Acid Sequence
KW - Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
KW - Humans
KW - Models, Biological
KW - Molecular Sequence Data
KW - Phylogeny
KW - Protein Processing, Post-Translational
KW - Protein Structure, Tertiary
KW - Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
KW - cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein/genetics
KW - rac1 GTP-Binding Protein/genetics
KW - rho GTP-Binding Proteins/chemistry
KW - rhoA GTP-Binding Protein/genetics
U2 - 10.1242/jcs.01118
DO - 10.1242/jcs.01118
M3 - Review
C2 - 15020670
VL - 117
SP - 1301
EP - 1312
JO - Journal of Cell Science
JF - Journal of Cell Science
SN - 0021-9533
IS - Pt 8
ER -
ID: 199432957