Plasminogen activation is regulated by the interaction between urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and its specific glycolipid-anchored cell surface receptor (uPAR). uPAR is composed of three homologous domains and is the only multi-domain member of the Ly-6 family of glycolipid-anchored membrane proteins. Recent evidence has highlighted similarities between the individual domains of uPAR and the large family of secreted, single domain snake venom alpha-neurotoxins, suggesting that uPAR may adopt the same gross folding pattern as these structurally well characterized proteins. Structural aspects of the binding between alpha-neurotoxins and the acetylcholine receptor may have a major influence on future studies of the interaction between uPA and uPAR.